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Particle shape plays a critical role in the performance and manufacturing of sodium-based batteries, particularly when it comes to the powders used for electrodes. The shape of the particles impacts several key factors that influence the efficiency, safety, and durability of the battery.

The ASTM D7596-14 (ASTM, 2018) was designed as a guide for the determination of particle concentration, particle size distribution, particle shape, and soot content for new and in service oils used for lubrication and hydraulic systems using a direct imaging integrated tester.